For reviewing for this first exam--please use your review books and the built in chapter quizzes--both text-based and on the computer using the CD-ROM--there are also questions in the study guide book that you were given--they will help a great deal as well--use them both and use them well.
Your additional homework is this. Ask at least one question you had this unit that was not answered. Do this by commenting on this blog--follow the instructions below. Sign it with your first name and last initial only--do not put in your entire name please.
Happy 3-day weekend! I'll be working too.
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45 comments:
how is it that reading palms came into to pseudo-psychology? or psychology at all for that matter
dj n.
meow!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
all right, now that i have that off my chest... my question is as follows:
say someone has a drinking problem, like jack, and jack has an alcoholic parent, and jack's parents grandparent was an alcoholic as well, would that mean that jack is likely to become an alcoholic too according to the psychodynamic perspective or the biological perspective? because under psychodynamic it says "childhood experiences determine adult personality", and biological says "a significant portion of human behavior is determined by genetic factors". could it possibly be both? and would that type of question be on a test with both of those answers which may cause confusion?
sorry it was so long.
-karissa l
I still do not understand the difference between natural observation and observer method. Is natural observation an observer method? Or are they two totally different things?
Scott R.
why do we learn about different types of pseudo-psychology?
Jeremy H.
i want you to kind of explain the answer for the HW Question about weaknesses and strength of experimental method
natalie O.
What exactly does it mean to have a Curvilinear Relationship when dealing with Correlations?
Ahh I forgot my name. =/
What exactly does it mean to have a Curvilinear Relationship when dealing with Correlations?
Cheyenne S.
I'm still a little confused as to what the difference is between the experimental and the laboratory methods is...they still seem very similar, and then you said there was another type of experimental method??? One that was different from the normal experimental method used in psychology? Where does that fall into place? When you described it it sounded like the laboratory one...?
Kathryn J.
well alright.
my question is, well rather my comment is that i really still don't understand how a case study differs from lab method. don't both include observations that are written down for others to see and then can be used to help them?
i really didn't understand that.
claudia v
hmm..
a question... a question...
how exactly is the double blind test any better than the sibgle blind? how does it really make a diiference
i think that if an observer is a part of a double blind test, he or she will be more conflicting to the observations
i think that they would have guesses about it and to try to prove their guesses. they would make assumptions about which had a placebo and which didnt, especially when they didnt REALLY know...
i dont know... i just think its a little weird or pointless
~clint r
Palm Reading fits in kind of like astrology. People have been trying to explain and control behavior for a long time. Palm reading is a way to describe behavior that people will easily buy into--however, it's not accurate--and is not scientific--there is no evidence for its efficacy.
With perspectives, we study each of them separately in order to understand each one individually. The reality is that most psychologists examine behavior from, multiple perspectives. It can and probably is a behavior that is created by multiple factors. Ask me in class about a concept called, "all behavior is overdetermined."
We study pseudoscience in order to recognize the difference between "real science" and "fake science." It's important to differentiate between real research that is scientific and that which is trying to scam us. We need to be "good consumers of psychological information."
Every method has advantages/strengths and disadvantages/weaknesses. An experiment is great with control, but has limited generalizability. Naturalistic observation is terrible with control, but can give us real-world results. Each method has positives and negatives in terms of what it can give us.
The "observer method" is a general term for all types of observation. Theoretically, it was originally meant to be someone who was a hidden observer--an observer who was not known about. Over time, various types of observation techniques have been used including participant-observation, naturalistic observation, and lab observation.
Lab observation and experiment--what is the difference?
A lab observation creates a situation and the researcher records what happens. This is often done in order to do the psych goal of "description." There is NO independent and dependent variable--the researcher is simply trying to see what will happen in a particular context.
With an experiment, there is a desire to find a cause-effect relationship between variables. Therefore, a researcher will create a context in a lab that is identical for two different groups. The difference will be that there is one variable that is manipulated-the IV. For example, we may wish to see if caffeine has an effect on reaction time. We give both groups a cup of coffee to drink within a half-hour period. The control group has been given decaf coffee. The experimental group has been given extra-caffeine coffee. We wait 15 minutes. We then measure each group's reaction time on a "reaction time machine."
We compare the results and statistically evaluate them for significance. That is an experiment--an attempt to find cause and effect. A lab observation simply watches.
A case study or case history is a method that is used on ONE person, not a bunch of different people--it's based upon one case. Psychologists studied "Genie" a girl who was found at the age of 13 and had not been socialized into society. She could not speak and had other difficulties. The researchers did psychological tests on her. They interviewed her family and her. They watched her and tried different techniques to teach her language and help her become "more human."
Another case study was done on Jeffrey Dahmer. He was interviewed at length about what happened during his growing up years. They interviewed his parents. Psychiatrists tested him. Researchers interview teachers, friends, co-workers, and anyone who may have known him. They were trying to find clues that led him to do the things he did. That was another example of case study--it is intensely studying one person an mining for as much information as possible.
Single and double-blind.
If I am testing my drug on subjects, and I know which people are getting the placebo and which are getting the real meds, I may unknowingly tip them off with words or body language and they will respond to that and not really respond to the medication or placebo as they should.
In a double-blind, I have trained one or more assistants to administer a procedure such as giving medicine. They follow the procedure, but have no idea whether it is the real meds or the placebo, so they cannot give any clues to the subjects--this reduces chance of bias and increases accuracy of the research being conducted.
what chapters do we study for the exam?
natalie O.
Is there any relative truth to freud's theories and studies? Because some sound plausible yet people say that his ideas hold no truth. I don't know, maybe there is and when you talked about it I was day dreaming or something. Lol. Just Kidding
-Todd P.
of all the research methods which one is more commonly used and why
Marilu B.
hello....
the question that I have is: how to tell if something has correlation or just appears to have correlation
-Beth B
Can you please explain correlation again?
Mayte M.
How was psychology created from philosophy? It doesnt make sense. Psychology seems more like the study of the mind rather than like Philosophy which is a study of why things are the way they are. Is that why they created psychology??
Erik R.
I am looking at the study booklet you gave us with the CD-Rom. In there it includes the Evolutionary Perspective, but on the worksheet you gave us, it isn't on there. Will we need to know this perspective for the test?
Danielle A
i still don't quite understand how to read those dotted charts. like the one's we looked at in class. -.05? +.09? i don't get it
-Courtney C.
For correlation, please try these links:
http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/statcorr.php
http://www.surveysystem.com/correlation.htm
http://www.statistics-help-online.com/node50.html
In terms of correlation, there tends to be a linear relationship. However, some relationships are curvilinear, which means they do not follow a straight line, but rather a curved line (if that makes sense).
see this link:
http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/relation.php
This last link is excellent for a correlation overview with examples:
http://www.uwsp.edu/PSYCH/stat/7/correlat.htm
The most common method used? I'm not exactly sure. Different researchers will have a variety of needs based upon what their hypothesis is and what kinds of information needed will be. That said, the most common will likely be the interview/survey--overall.
Ahhh, Freud. He came up with many ideas, but the only ones that really seem to have scientific merit are defense mechanisms. This does include the idea of the unconscious, a part of our mind that operates out of our awareness.
BUT, the ideas of psychosexual development, childhood experiences creating adult fixations, and dream interpretation are lacking any scientific merit.
Anything in chapter 1 is fair game for the exam--that does include evolutionary psychology--we can talk more about that in class.
It's been said that psychology has a long past, but a short history. Literally thousands of people have "philosophized" about why people are the way they are. It does go back to the ancients--Hindus and the Upanishads, the Semitic Religions and the related beliefs, as well as other non-western beliefs in China and other parts of Asia. Are people basically good, bad or a mix or are they a blank slate.
Over time, after the power of the Church declined due to the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, science as a world view began to take hold. It started with biology, chemistry, and physics--you know, the easy stuff. After they had been going strong for a couple hundred years, Wundt and friends created the first real scientific psychology lab in Germany in 1879.
That was when psych changed into a science and not just a branch of philosophy (metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, politics and esthetics). See: http://www.importanceofphilosophy.com/FiveBranchesMain.html for more details on philosophy or see Mr. H. in room 364 for some background.
I was watching Star Trek: NG episodes today and there was "The Measure of a Man." It was discussing Data and was he really a man or "only" a machine. Was he a sentient being? They cited as being needed self-awareness, intelligence, and consciousness. That last one is a difficult piece to deal with--just ask Mr. H--he's not sure we've dealt with it scientifically.
Enough brain food for the moment.
My stepdad is a very religious guy and he was ok with me taking this psychology class but then he mentioned something about not letting psychology cross the line when it overcomes religion.
I don't really get what he means by that comment.
So can religion interfere with psychology and how?
-Jennifer M.
can only psychiatrists do clinical study? or on psycohlogists do that too?
oh and i did the ch 1 and 2 quizzes on barron's, but some of the stuff on the quiz wasn't coevered.
-Jessica F
can only psychiatrists do clinical study? or on psycohlogists do that too?
oh and i did the ch 1 and 2 quizzes on barron's, but some of the stuff on the quiz wasn't coevered.
Barron's has covered quite a bit of material--make sure that you are focusing on our text, chapter 1. The test is a book test, so focus on the material that overlaps. I do not recall what chapter 2 is in the Barron's book--do not have one handy. The test is on perspectives and methods.
My stepdad . . . not letting psychology cross the line when it overcomes religion.
I don't really get what he means by that comment.
So can religion interfere with psychology and how?
Ans. I will not pretend to be in his head and answer for him, but I will deal with general aspects of psychology that some religious people do not like.
Psychology is a science and some religions/people do not think that the two things have anything in common. At this moment in time, science concludes that there is no evidence for the existence of God. Some people consider that a deal-breaker with regard to science.
As I have or will point out in class is that there are multiple approaches to understanding life/reality, etc., religion is one way, science is another--they do not necessarily have to be in conflict, but some insist that they are. Some people believe that science is Godless--and to be honest, in some ways it is. For many people, the more they learn about science, the less their beliefs include faith or religion--I will not lie to you. That will often begin in college. The decision is a personal one. I will be teaching you about different aspects of psychology and how to think critically, not what to believe. That is not my role, nor do I have any interest in dealing with that. Some scientists are believers, some are not. Some students are believers, some are not. Same thing with any group of people.
There are some psychologists that use faith/religion in their daily therapeutic practice. This is one type of psychotherapy. This is one approach to helping people heal--just like the fact that there are over 200 different kinds of therapy.
The question is a complex one and I have only touched the surface. What psychologists are interested in related to beliefs of any kind is "why do people believe what they do?" Psychologists would ask and investigate that question--and have. I have a couple books on the topic (I've taught comparative religions). I suspect this raises more questions--let's talk more if this complicates this question.
hello
i know i procrastinated...night before class..ok...
Are case studies the same thing as the clinical method? and also i still don't really understand the whole graph thing with the .5 and -.5 thing?
Emily K.
case studies are close enough to the clinical method for our purposes to be the same
as for correlation, see the previous posts
Could you explain how Z scores are found? Even if they are on the test or not, I care to know and the description in the Barron's AP Psych book didn't help.
Cindy S.
okie dokie...so why were women discouraged to study psychology, or get advanced degrees in psych in the 1800's? this was before the womens rights movement right?that was in late 1900's? or not...see not only a psych question but gov't/us history too!!! and another random question .. what colleges would u recomend that have a good psych program...
Crystal P.
So... in correlation, depending on whether the case is positive or negative all depends on how the case was explained right? Well my question is why is determining whether the case is positive or negative so important if it can be so easily changed?
Amber R.
well this is sumthing thats been bugging me. Take Jack for example, his family is fills him with ideas of alchoholism. So all that Jack knows is that drinking is good. So how is it that there are kids like jack that come out completly different than what all the statistical evidence would point out to b the outcome?
How do people resist habbits that have already set a standard on a way of life?
Idk, im probly asking this question just becuase i AM different than what all evidence might point to, but how is that possible?
Idk.....=P
oh and 1 more thing!
wen testing things like animals how do we NOT give it anthropimorphic feelings? and how do we know what they feel?
i can probably assume that if u poke a puppy with a stick it might feel pain, but then how do scientists come up with thier conclusions if they can only assume?
isnt assuming bad?
ass-u-me? =P
these are the things i ponder at 12:45am the night b4 skool.........
DDT aka TACO!!!!
mmmmmmm well one question i have for this unit is how does the placebo thing work like how can you not know its a sugar pill or something and what would you tell your group?
\Marina D
okay a little late but my question is related to a case study. is a case study only based on one individual or can it be more than one? and it this more of an analysis or experiment thing?
Huma M.
okay a little late but my question is related to a case study. is a case study only based on one individual or can it be more than one? and it this more of an analysis or experiment thing?
Huma M.
My question: is it too late to ask a question and still get points for it?
does that question count? cus its a question that i had this unit that wasnt covered...
Elyssa V
Why is it that psychologist use the scientific method to gather information and data????
I mean, aren't they smart enough to come up with their own method???
-Cameron A.
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